People have used cannabis, or marijuana, for centuries. People use it for medicine, recreation, and industry.
A 2023 report from the UNODC states that about 200 million people worldwide use cannabis.
This makes it the illicit drug with the highest global usage. But what about in East Africa? Let’s dive into the specifics.
Is Cannabis Legal in Burundi? Legal Status in 2025
No, cannabis is not legal in Burundi for recreational, medical, or industrial use. The country has strict drug laws. Cannabis is illegal here. You cannot have, use, grow, or sell cannabis. Breaking these laws can result in harsh consequences.
1. Recreational Use
Recreational use of cannabis is completely prohibited in Burundi. The government sees it as a harmful substance. It can cause addiction and other social issues. There are no plans to legalize recreational cannabis soon.
2. Medicinal Use
Burundi has not legalized cannabis for medical use, unlike some other countries. Some patients could enjoy medical cannabis, but they face legal barriers to access. This gap in the country’s healthcare system is significant. It affects people with chronic pain or epilepsy.
3. Industrial Use
Industrial hemp, a variety of cannabis with low THC content, is also illegal in Burundi. This is a lost chance for the country. Industrial hemp can make textiles, paper, and biodegradable plastics. These products could help the economy grow.
Cannabis Usage and Its Impact in Burundi
1. Recreational Drug Use
Cannabis is illegal in Burundi, but many young people still use it for fun. A 2022 survey from the Burundi National Institute of Public Health found that 8% of teens aged 15-18 had tried cannabis at least once. This raises concerns about the effectiveness of current drug prevention programs.
2. Mental Health Concerns
Researchers link cannabis use, especially in young people, to mental health issues. These include anxiety and depression. In Burundi, they limit mental health services. This creates a big public health challenge.
3. Industrial Cannabis Use
Burundi is missing economic opportunities. Not possible to remove the adverb. Uganda and Rwanda are exploring industrial hemp. Burundi could gain by doing the same.
Cannabis Cultivation in Burundi
Cannabis cultivation is illegal in Burundi. Still, it happens, especially in rural areas. Farmers who grow cannabis do so at great risk, as they face harsh penalties if caught. In 2021, the Burundi Anti-Drugs Agency reported that farmers used around 500 hectares for illegal cannabis cultivation.
Cannabis Law in Burundi and Control
1. How Burundi Enforces Cannabis Laws
Burundi’s law enforcement is fighting illegal cannabis farming and trafficking. The country has a dedicated anti-drug unit that conducts regular raids and seizures. In 2023, the Burundi Anti-Drugs Agency seized more than 2 tons of cannabis.
2. The Illegal Cannabis Market
Despite these efforts, the illegal cannabis market continues to thrive. High demand for cannabis and few job options push many into this illegal trade. This creates a cycle of crime and poverty that is difficult to break.
Cannabis Penalties in Burundi
| Offense | Penalty |
| Personal Use | Possession of even small amounts of cannabis can result in fines and imprisonment. |
| Trafficking | Those caught trafficking large quantities can face life imprisonment. |
| Growing | Farmers who grow cannabis risk losing their land and facing lengthy prison sentences. |
Future of Cannabis Legalization in Burundi
As of 2025, there is no sign that Burundi will legalize cannabis soon. The government takes a strong stance against any legalization.
They worry about public health and social order. But as more countries change their cannabis laws, Burundi might rethink its position.
The legal status of cannabis in East Africa shows significant variation. Burundi and Tanzania have strict bans. In contrast, Rwanda and Uganda are looking into the possible benefits of legalization.
As the global talk about cannabis changes, it will be interesting to see how these countries adjust their policies in the coming ye
